0 years, (range, birth to 18 years). Trauma, (45%) myopia/vitreoretinal degeneration (10%) and prior ocular surgery (25%) were significant risk factors for RRD. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) more than grade C was present in 14/20 (70%) of cases. Most patients (15/20, 75%) were treated with pars plana vitrectomy and placement of an encircling buckle, while silicone oil or gas was

used as tamponade in 13/20 (65%) patients. Surgery was successful in 17/20 (85%) cases in achieving retinal re-attachment. Visual acuity improved significantly following surgery (Mean preop 2.146 LogMAR, Mean postop 1.497 LogMAR) (P=.014). Longer duration of RRD (P=.007) and macular involvement (P=.05) were associated with worse anatomical outcomes following surgery.\n\nCONCLUSION: Pediatric RRD in the Eastern province is often associated with predisposing pathology. Surgery is successful in achieving anatomical reattachment of the retina in a majority VS-6063 of cases with improvement Of Visual acuity.”
“The united airway disease (UAD) hypothesis proposes that upper and lower airway diseases are both manifestations of a single allergic or non-allergic

inflammatory process within the respiratory tract, with increasing evidence that localised airway inflammation leads to a systemic response. An association between asthma, rhinitis and sinusitis has long been MK-0518 recognized from experimental, epidemiological, functional and clinical data, including evidence of significant improvement in different outcomes when rhinosinusitis is appropriately treated, with particular regard to topical cortico steroids, which are indicated as first-line therapy for allergic rhinitis, particularly when nasal blockage is the main symptom. Concerning asthma, the aim of therapy should be to achieve Bindarit and maintain control for prolonged periods. Ideally, asthma control should refer not only to clinical manifestations but also to reduction of bronchial inflammation and

hyperactivity, which are a persistent feature even though symptoms are episodic. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) represent exacerbations and quality of life. Inhaled bronchodilators and corticosteroids have shown complementary mechanisms of action, targeting major components of the disease, including airflow limitation, mucociliary dysfunction, and airway inflammation. Since COPD is a progressive disease, a major target of the therapy is to slow down the worsening course of lung function towards respiratory failure and improve survival. Smoking cessation should be the pivotal intervention. The combined use of the inhaled corticosteroid fluticasone propionate and long-acting bronchodilator salmeterol xinafoate can reduce the long term decline of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)) in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD, and has been approved in patients with FEV(1) < 60%, confirming the importance of early treatment of COPD in slowing disease progression.